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Peer to peer (P2P) is a connection that enables two or more devices to share data through the internet without the help of an intermediary server. This architecture is widely preferred in real time applications such as online games, voice and video conference and file sharing as it is very helpful in reducing delay and allowing true peer to peer communication. But getting them to connect directly is not always easy and virtually impossible if both the devices are connected with NAT routers. ...

Most home and corporate routers implement NAT, making running any server software in the local host behind such routers impossible. If you are interested, the NAT Traversal, or Hole Punching, is the mechanism for opening an inbound port in the NAT tables inside these routers. For the local host to connect with a remote host behind any NAT, the local host must first perform an outbound transmission to the remote one. This action creates a dynamic rule in the NAT table. This temporary entry maps the local host’s IP address and port to the remote host’s IP address and port. This rule allows the remote host to connect to the local host. ...